This fallacy is an example of Non-Sequitur. It is Affirming the Consequent, meaning "it does not follow". The image is saying that some penguins are old tv shows. No they are not. This argument is an invalid argument set up because a penguin and an old tv show happened to have one thing in common; the colors black and white. But this doesn't mean that penguins are old tv shows. They are very much two separate things with just colors as a common item.
This fallacy is one of the most recognized fallacies. It is a fallacy of distraction, and categorized under false dilemma. Either you can love America, or you can leave it is what is the picture portrays. Simple as that. Point A to point B, and you have it. In all honestly though, it's not really that basic. This image is only providing two options, when really there are many options that are available. Summing it up, its easier to say that in the picture, there are no middle grounds. In all reality this is a fallacy of a false dilemma, and there really are middle grounds.
The last fallacy illustrates Eva Longoria, a gorgeous model/ actress. This advertisement is a fallacy of Appeal to Popularity (argumentum ad populum). Eva is a talented woman with a great career in the modeling business as well as the acting business. Look, she is using Loreal to get great hair like that! So if you buy Loreal products, you will have the exact hair like Evas and be just as gorgeous. Well folks, this is false. More than likely Eva is not using Loreal daily she is just modeling her wonderful hair because she has it. In turn, giving business to Loreal because of who is "using their product."
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